Classical-to-topological transmission line couplers

Using a VIA-Less CRLH Transmission Line to Design Compact Wilkinson Power Dividers and Rat-Race Couplers

A method for design and implementation of a compact via-less Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line (CRLH TL) is presented. By introducing a new circuit model, the CRLH transmission line behavior is studied versus the parameters variations to achieve the desired characteristic impedance and electrical length. Then a compact quarter wavelength CRLH transmission line with 70 Ω characte...

High Frequency Design 90 - DEGREE COUPLERS Classic Designs for Lumped Element and Transmission Line 90 - Degree Couplers

C ouplers (or power divider/combiners) with outputs that differ in phase by 90 degrees are an important part of RF/microwave design. This tutorial provides an overview of various types of 90-degree combiners, using both lumped element and transmission line structures. Our intention is to introduce the subject to engineers who may be unfamiliar with these couplers, and perhaps offer some reminde...

Coupled-Line Couplers Based on the Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) Transmission Lines

Topological spectrum of classical configurations

For any classical field configuration or mechanical system with a finite number of degrees of freedom we introduce the concept of topological spectrum. It is based upon the assumption that for any classical configuration there exists a principle fiber bundle that contains all the physical and geometric information of the configuration. The topological spectrum follows from the investigation of ...

Metric details of topological line-line relations

Many real and artificial entities in geographic space, such as transportation networks and trajectories of movement, are typically modeled as lines in geographic information systems. In a similar fashion, people also perceive such objects as lines and communicate about them accordingly as evidence from research on sketching habits suggests. To facilitate new modalities like sketching that rely ...